Studies of allergic reactions among people using latex gloves have found that the main culprits are:
Latex protein
| - |
Can cause systemic allergic reactions |
| - |
Can cause topical allergic reactions |
Glove powder Glove powder binds with the latex protein providing a vector for transferring the latex protein to the glove users. It does this by:
 |
Aerosolisation of the powder |
| - |
When users don or take off a powdered glove, the powder carrying the allergens can be released into the air where it can be inhaled causing asthma & conjunctivitis |
|
|
|
Mechanical abrasion of the users skin |
| - |
The powder particles can abrade the user?s skin. Compromised skin barrier properties may permit penetration of allergens, thereby increasing chances for the development of both Type I and Type IV allergy. |
|
|
Reduction in latex protein and powder in latex gloves is recommended
There are three types of adverse reactions associated with latex gloves
| Reaction type |
Symptoms |
Cause |
Irritant contact dermatitis (Non allergic)
|
Skin rash, dry flaky skin, cracks, sores
|
Residual soap, hand cream, powder, temperature & pH extremes, disinfectants, incomplete hand rinsing
|
Type IV
Chemical hypersensitivity |
Eczema appears 48 ? 96 hours after exposure by skin contact |
Residues of chemicals used in producing gloves particularly the thiurams & carbamates |
Type I
Latex protein hypersensitivity |
Immediate localized itching, burning, hives within 5 ? 60 minutes after contact, rhinitis, asthma, anaphylaxis |
Residual extractable proteins found in latex rubber |
Table 1: Types of reaction affecting some individuals through use of latex gloves
